Mikhail Gorbachev and the collapse of communis.

When Mikhai Gorbachev came to power as a general secretary of the communist party of the soviet union (CPSU) on march 11 1985 drastic reforms were demanded if the faltering USSR was to remain as a superpower still able to compete with its arch-rival, the United States. Enmeshed in Afghanistan, threatened by the `New Cold War', with a hawk Ronald Reagan in the White House, the economy was in free fall and living standards were plummeting. Gorbachev's predecessor, Yuri Andropov, has already concluded that reforms were needed, but he fell fatally ill before he could.

the collapse of communsism

Stunning events between 1989 and 1991 that led to the fall of communist regimes in eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Faced with massive popular opposition and the unwillingness of President Mikhail Gorbachev to send Soviet troops to their rescue, communist governments lost power, first in Poland, where the communists agreed to free elections that swept into power candidates endorsed by Solidarity in June 1989. Demands for reform spread across east germany berlin wall and the unification of East and West Germany.November 1989 the communist government of Czechoslovakia resigned, and in December a violent revolution led to the overthrow and execution of Romania's communist boss, Nicolae Ceausescu. The Bulgarian parliament revoked the Communist party's monopoly on power in 1990, and in 1991 popular opposition forced the resignation of the communist cabinet in Albania. The failure of a communist-led against Mikhail Gorbachev in the Soviet Union in August 1991 ended the party's control of the military and government. in the fall of 1989 and led to the end of the